SEI York Publications - Pre 2016
Publications 2013-2014
The following is a selection of publication from SEI York Researchers. For a complete list visit the SEI website.
2013
2014
[Up to July 2014]
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Morris, J. and J. Barron | Type: Report | |
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SEI Annual Report 2013 - Online and Interactive
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Gill, T. | Type: Annual report | |
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Brugere, C. | Type: Journal article | |
| The Short Guide to Environmental Policy | Snell, C., and G. Haq | Type: Book | |
| Nitrogen Deposition, Critical Loads and Biodiversity | Sutton, M.A., K.E. Mason, L.J. Sheppard, H. Sverdrup, R. Haeuber, and W.K. Hicks (eds.) | Type: Book | |
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Factors Affecting Nitrogen Deposition Impacts on Biodiversity: An Overview
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Bobbink, R., and W.K. Hicks | Type: Book chapter | |
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Nitrogen Deposition, Critical Loads and Biodiversity: Introduction
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Hicks, W.K., R. Haeuber, and M.A. Sutton | Type: Book chapter | |
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SEI Research Synthesis: The water-energy-food nexus
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Davis, M., A. Huber-Lee, H. Hoff and D.R. Purkey | Type: Other publications | |
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Matin, N., M.S. Islam, M.T.E. Mbuvi, B.O. Odit, P.O. Ongugo, and M. Abu Syed | Type: Journal | |
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Modeling social-ecological problems in coastal ecosystems: A case study
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Forrester, J., R. Greaves, H. Noble and R. Taylor | Type: Journal | |
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SEI Research Synthesis: Sustainable consumption, production and trade
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Author(s): Trimmer, C. and E. Dawkins | Type: Other publications | |
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SEI Research Synthesis: Improving livelihoods
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Gill, T. and Kløcker Larsen, R. | Type: Other publications | |
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Practical Action to Build Community Resilience: The Good Life Initiative in New Earswick
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Cinderby,S., Haq, G., Cambridge, H. and Lock, K. | Type: Project report | |
| The Economics and Financing of City Scale Retrofits | Gouldson, A., N. Kerr, C. Topi, E. Dawkins, J.C.I. Kuylenstierna, P. Webber, and R. Sullivan | Type: Book chapter | |
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Terry, A.C., N. Carslaw, M. Ashmore, S. Dimitroulopoulou, and D.C. Carslaw | Type: Journal article |
Publications Pre-2012
For a complete list visit the SEI website.
Pre 2010
2006
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Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in World Biodiversity Hotspots Phoenix GK, Hicks WK, Cinderby S, Kuylenstierna JCI, Stock WD, Dentener FJ, Giller KE, Austin AT, Lefroy RDB, Gimeno BS, Ashmore MR and Ineson P. In: Global Change Biology, 12, 470–476. Increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is known to reduce plant diversity in natural and semi-natural ecosystems, yet our understanding of these impacts comes almost entirely from studies in northern Europe and North America. Currently, we lack an understanding of the threat of N deposition to biodiversity at the global scale. In particular, rates of N deposition within the newly defined 34 world biodiversity hotspots, to which 50% of the world's floristic diversity is restricted, has not been quantified previously. Using output from global chemistry transport models, this paper provides the first estimates of recent (mid-1990s) and future (2050) rates and distributions of N deposition within biodiversity hotspots. |
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Urban Air Pollution in Asian Cities: Status Challenge and Management Schwela, D.; Haq, G.; Huizenga, C.; Han, W.; Fabian, H.; Ajero, M. (Published with the Stockholm Environment Institute, the Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities, the Korean Environment Institute and UNEP. Locality: Asia.) ISBN: 1-85383-985-X This is one of the most authoritative assessments of air pollution and urban air quality management, practice and capability, covering 20 major Asian cities with easy-to-read city profiles, tables and graphs. |
2007
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Leisure and Tourism Spaces: Facilitating Inclusive Design Using GIS-P Cinderby, S.; Forrester, J.; Jones, M.; Schofield, P.; Shaw, S.; Snell, C.; Owen, A. In: York: SEI. InSITU report. Furthering the understanding laid out in the companion report ‘Leisure and Tourism led Regeneration in Post-industrial Cities: Challenges for Urban Design’, the InSITU project has aimed to develop and test innovative applications of the Geographic Information Systems for Participation (GIS-P) methodology. GIS-P is designed to gather local knowledge about environment and development issues and feed this into the policy and planning process. |
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Leisure and Tourism led Regeneration in Post Industrial Cities: Challenges for Urban Design Cinderby, S.; Forrester, J.; Jones, M.; Schofield, P.; Shaw, S.; Snell, C.; Owen, A. In: York: SEI. InSITU report. Urban design is expected to play a critical role in implementing the UK Government’s urban policy agenda as well as bringing about a more inclusive and equitable society and the sustainable development of cities is seen as a key generator of national prosperity. As global competition intensifies, a network of accessible, safe and attractive public spaces and walking routes oriented to leisure and tourism becomes an increasingly important feature of the ‘liveable’ city. |
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Vision Zero: time to put an end to death and serious injury on our roads Whitelegg, J. and Haq, G. In: SEI Project report. In 2004 the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) at the University of York began a one-year study to examine the Swedish Vision road safety policy and to assess the implications of adopting a similar approach in the UK. The project was funded under the UK Department for Transport's (DfT) Horizons Programme. |
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Greening the Greys: Climate Change and the Over 50s Haq, G.; Minx, J.; Whitelegg, J.; Owen, A. In: York: SEI report. This study was undertaken as part of a DEFRA funded communication project “Climate Talk” aimed at raising awareness and understanding of climate change issues in the over 50s. The report examines the carbon footprint of the over 50s in theUK and their attitudes to climate change. |
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Reconciling Socio-Economic and Environmental Data in a GIS Context: An Example From Rural England Huby, M.; Owen, A.; Cinderby, S. In: Applied Geography, 27 (1): 1-16. This paper discusses techniques for reconciling socio-economic and environmental data in the development of a spatial data set designed to characterise rural England in terms of what is there, what it is like, the living and working conditions, and the political and economic context. The methodological considerations of combining data from different sampling regimes, scales and themes to a consistent unit of analysis are described. |
2008
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Achieving low carbon and sustainable transport systems in Yorkshire and Humber Denton, A.; Anforth, E.; Revill, M.; Haq, G.; Cambridge, H.; Barrett, J. In: A report comissioned by the Yorkshire and Humber Regional Assembly prepared by JMP Consultants Ltd and the SEI York. JMP Consulting and the SEI analyse in this report what measures would be needed to achieve a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions from transport in the Yorkshire and Humber region. |
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Foundation Course on Air Quality Management in Asia Haq, G.; Schwela, D. The Foundation Course on Air Quality Management in Asia is for adult learners studying the issue without the support of a class room teacher. It is aimed at students with some basic knowledge of environment and air pollution issues. |
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Atmospheric Brown Clouds: Regional Assessment Report with Focus on Asia Ramanathan, V., Agrawal, M., Akimoto, H., Auffhammer, M., Autrup, H., Barregard, L., Bonasoni, P., Brauer, M., Brunekreef, B., Carmichael, G., Chang, W-C., Chopra, U.K., Chung, C.E., Devotta, S., Duffus, J., Emberson, L., et al. In: Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme. ISBN 9789280729788. This report shows how the build-up of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and the resulting global warming pose major environmental threats to Asia’s water and food security. |
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Wales’ ecological footprint: Scenarios to 2020 Dawkins, E., Paul, A., Barrett, J., Minx, J. and K. Scott. In: Stockholm: SEI. Future Sustainability Programme: Working paper. This report recalculates Wales’ ecological footprint using 2003 data, and also calculates this for the six Spatial Plan areas in Wales, and for each of the 22 local authorities. For the first time, a time series for the Welsh ecological footprint, covering the period 1990-2003, is provided. The report also illustrates how components of the ecological footprint may change over time, looking at housing, transport and food. The scenarios created provide footprint trajectories from 2001 to 2020. |
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Impacts of Atmospheric Brown Clouds on Agriculture Agrawal, M.; Auffhammer, M.; Chopra, U.K.; Emberson, L,; Iyngararasan, M.; Kalra, N.; Ramana, M.V.; Ramanathan, V.; Singh, A.K.; Vincent, J. In: Part II of Atmospheric Brown Clouds: Regional Assessment Report with Focus on Asia. Nairobi: Project Atmospheric Brown Cloud, United Nations Environment Programme. Download full report (external link). This report seeks to identify key issues and attempts an impact study on agriculture, taking into consideration some of the important parameters that are changing in response to the build-up of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollution. |
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The use of personalised social marketing to foster voluntary behavioural change for sustainable travel and lifestyles Haq, G., Whitelegg, J., Cinderby, S. and A. Owen. In: Local Environment, 13 (7): 549-569. View full article (external link). Changing public attitudes and behaviour is key to achieving the UK target of a 60% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by 2050. Top-down campaigns that have provided information to a passive public have not necessarily resulted in pro-environmental behavioural change. This paper examines the use of a personalised social marketing approach to engage the public in changing their personal travel. It provides the results of a project in the City of York to foster voluntary travel behavioural change. |
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Global ozone and air quality: a multi-model assessment of risks to human health and crops Ellingsen, K.; Gauss, M.; van Dingenen, R.; Dentener, F.J.; Emberson, L.; Fiore, A.M.; Schultz, M.G.; Stevenson, D.S.; Ashmore, M.R.; Atherton, C.S.; Bergmann, D.J.; Bey, I.; Butler, T.; Drevet, J.; Eskes, H.; Hauglustaine, D.A.; Isaksen, I.S. et al. In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 8 (1): 2163-2223. This study focuses on changes in near-surface ozone and their effects on human health and vegetation. |
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Agricultural water management in smallholder farming systems: the value of soft components in mesoscale interventions Barron, J., Noel, S., Malesu, M., Oduor, A., Shone, G. and J. Rockström In: Stockholm: SEI. Project report. The report was carried out as a desk study on existing literature and documentation and through selected consultations in the water and land management development sector in sub-Saharan Africa. It provides an overview of ‘soft components’ in mesoscale interventions in AWM strategies targeting rural smallholder farming communities in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and South Asia. |
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Growing old in a changing climate Haq, G.; Whitelegg, J.; Kohler, M. In: SEI Project Report 2008. This report states that in order to effectively manage the effects of climate change it will be necessary to confront and integrate social imensions in climate adaptation planning. |
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The Right Climate for Change. Using the carbon footprint to reduce CO2 emissions. WWF-UK / SEI. In: A Guide for Local Authorities. This report argues that a transition towards a low carbon economy requires a fundamental change in the way we think about climate change at the local level. |
2009
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Understanding Changes in UK CO2 emissions 1992-2004: A structural decomposition approach Minx, J.C., G. Baiocchi, T. Wiedmann, and J, Barrett. In: Report to the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs by Stockholm Environment Institute at the University of York and the University of Durham, DEFRA, London, UK. This report undertakes a structural decomposition analysis of changes in UK CO2 emissions. It aims at the identification of behavioural, technological and population forces driving the UK‟s producer and consumer emissions. |
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Input-output analysis and carbon footprinting: An overview of applications Wood, R., Peters, G. P., Lenzen, M., Owen, A., Scott, K., Barrett, J., Hubacek, K., Baiocchi, G., Paul, A., Dawkins, E., Briggs, J., Guan, D., Suh, S. and Ackerman, F. In: Economic Systems Research, 21(3), 187-216. DOI: 10.1080/09535310903541298 This article provides an overview of how generalised multi-regional input-output models can be used for carbon footprint applications. |
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Carbon Footprint and Input-Output Analysis - An Introduction Wiedmann, T. In: Economic Systems Research, 21(3): 175–186. DOI: 10.1080/09535310903541256 This editorial is the introduction to a special issue of Economic Systems Research on the topic of carbon footprint and input-output analysis. |
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A Definition of 'Carbon Footprint' Wiedmann, T. and J. Minx (2008). In: C.C. Pertsova (ed.) Ecological Economics Research Trends. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers. ISBN: 1-60021-941-1. pp. 1-11. This book presents new and important research in the field of ecological economics which is a transdisciplinary field of academic research that addresses the dynamic and spatial interdependence between human economies and natural ecosystems. |
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The global impact of ozone on agricultural crop yields under current and future air quality legislation Van Dingenen, R.; Dentener, F.J.; Raes, F.; Krol, M.C.; Emberson, L.D.; Cofala, J. Atmospheric Environment, 43 (2): 604-618. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.10.033 This paper evaluates the global impact of surface ozone on four types of agricultural crop. |
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Measuring inequality in rural England: the effects of changing spatial resolution Huby. M.; Cinderby, S.; White, P.; de Bruin, A. In: Environment and Planning A, 41 (12): 3023 – 3037. DOI: 10.1068/a425 The sustainability of rural development depends on the distribution of the social and environmental resources needed to maintain and improve the vitality of rural areas. |
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Ecosystem service benefits of contrasting conservation strategies in a human-dominated region Eigenbrod, F.; Anderson, B.J.; Armsworth, P.R.; Heinemeyer, A.; Jackson, S.F.; Parnell, M.; Thomas, C.D.; Gaston, K.J. In: Proceedings of the Royal Society. B, 276 (1669): 2903-2911. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0528 We provide the first analyses that compare representation of biodiversity and three other ecosystem services across several contrasting conservation strategies in a human-dominated landscape (England). |
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How to reach the ‘hard-to-reach’: the development of Participatory Geographic Information Systems (P-GIS) for inclusive urban design in UK cities Cinderby, S. In: Area, online 14 Oct. DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4762.2009.00912.x Existing methods employed by policymakers and planners often fail to reach significant segments of communities, the so-called 'hard-to-reach'. This paper describes the development of an innovative participatory GIS methodology specifically aimed at overcoming the barriers to engagement experienced by these groups. |
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A literature review on sustainable lifestyles Scott, K. In: SEI Project Report - 2009 This report, funded by the Swedish Ministry for the Environment, contributes to the Task Force for Sustainable Lifestyles which informs the Marrakech Process to develop a 10 year framework of programmes on sustainable consumption and production. |
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Rainwater harvesting: a lifeline for human well-being Barron, J. (ed.) In: Nairobi: UNEP. ISBN 9789280730197. A report prepared for UNEP by Stockholm Environment Institute. Ecosystem services suffer when rain and soil water become scarce. This in turn affects human livelihoods. The strain on water resources has led to an immediate need to find innovative opportunities that enable development and improve human well-begin without undermining ecosystem services. |
2010
2010
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GAPForum Newsletter Number 9. September 2010 Hicks, K. (ed) In this issue: Something in the air; Methane: a Critical Piece of the Air Pollution and Climate Puzzle; Where now on co-benefits? News from the Networks, Towards a global agreement on air pollution; HTAP: preliminary conclusions on hemispheric transport. |
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Model inter-comparison between statistical and dynamic model assessments of the long-term stability of blanket peat in Great Britain (1940-2099) Clark, J. M., Billett, M. F., Coyle, M., Croft, S., Daniels, S., Evans, C. D., Evans, M., Freeman, C., Gallego-Sala, A. V., Heinemeyer, A., House, J. I., Monteith, D. T., Nayak, D., Orr, H. G., Prentice, I. C., Rose, R., Rowson, J., Smith, J. U., Smith, P., Tun, Y. M., Vanguelova, E., Wetterhall, F., Worrall, F. In: Climate Research, 45. pp. 227-248. DOI: 10.3354/cr00974 The authors compared output from 3 dynamic process-based models (DMs: ECOSSE, MILLENNIA and the Durham Carbon Model) and 9 bioclimatic envelope models (BCEMs; including BBOG ensemble and PEATSTASH) ranging from simple threshold to semi-process-based models. Model simulations were run at 4 British peatland sites using historical climate data and climate projections under a medium (A1B) emissions scenario from the 11-RCM (regional climate model) ensemble underpinning UKCP09. The models showed that blanket peatlands are vulnerable to projected climate change; however, predictions varied between models as well as between sites. |
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Assessing Biodiversity in Europe – the 2010 report Hicks, K., N. Ash, R. Aishton, G. Broekhoven et al. In: Assessing Biodiversity in Europe – the 2010 report. European Environment Agency. EEA report: 5:2010. ISBN: 9789292131067 Read report here (external link). This report considers the status and trends of pan-European biodiversity, and the implications of these trends for biodiversity management policy and practice. |
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The total carbon footprint of Stockton-on-Tees Borough Council, England, UK White, C., T. Wiedmann and M. Chicken. In: J. Murray and R. Wood (eds.) The Sustainability Practitioner's Guide to Input-Output Analysis. Common Ground Publishing. Ch. 6. ISBN: 9781863357470 This chapter is part of a book which provides an introduction to input-output analysis for sustainability practitioners. |
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The Carbon Footprint of Highlands and Islands Enterprise Prentice, A. and T. Wiedmann. In: J. Murray and R. Wood (eds.) The Sustainability Practitioner's Guide to Input-Output Analysis. Common Ground Publishing. Ch. 4. ISBN: 9781863357470 This chapter is part of a book which provides an introduction to input-output analysis for sustainability practitioners. |
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The Resources And Energy Analysis Programme (REAP) Paul, A., T. Wiedmann, J. Barrett, J. Minx, K. Scott, E. Dawkins, A. Owen, J. Briggs and I. Gray (2010). The Resources And Energy Analysis Programme (REAP). In: J. Murray and R. Wood (eds.) The Sustainability Practitioner's Guide to Input-Output Analysis. Common Ground Publishing. Ch. 11. ISBN: 9781863357470 This chapter is part of a book which provides an introduction to input-output analysis for sustainability practitioners. |
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Air Pollution and Climate Change – the Case for Integrated Policy from an Asian Perspective Hicks, K., L. Emberson, M. Ajero, S. Punte, C. Huizenga, J.C.I. Kuylenstierna, H. Tao, R. Mathur, S. Sethi, I. Mylvakanan and S. Shrestha (Oct. 2009) In: Air pollution and climate change: Two sides of the same coin? Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. Ch. 9. ISBN: 9789162012786. This chapter is part of a book which aims to highlight the important links between climate change and air pollution. |
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Assessing ground-level ozone (O3) impacts to agriculture in parts of Asia and southern Africa Emberson, L.D., P. Büker, M. Engardt, A.M. van Tienhoven, M. Agrawal, M. Zunckel, K. Hicks, H. Pleijel, N.T. Kim Oanh. In: B.R. Gurjar, et al. (eds.) Air Pollution: Health and Environmental Impacts. CRC Press/Taylor & Francis. pp. 421-445. ISBN 9781439809624 This chapter is part of a book which examines the effect of this complex problem on human health and the environment in different settings around the world. |
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Dynamics and pathways of autotrophic and heterotrophic soil CO2 efflux revealed by forest girdling Subke, J.-A., N. Voke, V. Leronni, M. Garnett and P. Ineson. In: Journal of Ecology, online 7 October 2010. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01740.x Quantifying pathways and temporal dynamics of carbon (C) flux between plants and soil is critical to our understanding of the long-term fate of C stored in soils. The potential priming of old organic matter decomposition by fresh C input from plants means that the impact of environmental changes on the interactions between plant C allocation and soil C storage need to be better understood. This paper describes the use of forest girdling to investigate the partitioning of total soil CO2 efflux (RS) into autotrophic (RA) and heterotrophic (RH) flux components and their interaction with litter decomposition. |
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Tracing photosynthetic isotope discrimination from leaves to soil Subke, J.-A., and P. Ineson. In: New Phytologist, 188(2): 309-311. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03477.x Predicting the rates of carbon (C) turnover in ecosystems requires a good understanding of C assimilation, allocation and respiration in plants and soil, in order to inform process modelling. However, despite abundant research into respiration, we still lack a fundamental understanding of the way in which C moves through the plant–soil–atmosphere continuum. This study breaks new ground by monitoring C isotope fluxes of assimilation and respiration continuously and over an extended period. This unique data set therefore allows a thorough analysis of the temporal correlation between the isotopic ‘signal’ from assimilation and respiration terms. |
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On the ‘Temperature Sensitivity’ of soil respiration: Can we use the immeasurable to predict the unknown? Subke, J.-A. and M. Bahn. In: Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42(9): 1653-1656. DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.05.026 The temperature dependence of soil respiration (RS) is widely used as a key characteristic of soils or organic matter fractions within soils, and in the context of global climatic change is often applied to infer likely responses of RS to warmer future conditions. However, the way in which these temperature dependencies are calculated, interpreted and implemented in ecosystem models requires careful consideration of possible artefacts and assumptions. This paper offers critical assessment of common methodologies and argues that more conceptual clarity in the reported relationships is needed to obtain meaningful meta-analyses and better constrained parameters informing ecosystem models. |
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Reduction of forest soil respiration in response to nitrogen deposition Janssens, I.A., W. Dieleman, S. Luyssaert, J.-A. Subke, M. Reichstein et al. In: Nature Geoscience, 3(5): 315-322. DOI: 10.1038/ngeo844 The use of fossil fuels and fertilizers has increased the amount of biologically reactive nitrogen in the atmosphere over the past century. As a consequence, forests in industrialized regions have experienced greater rates of nitrogen deposition in recent decades. This unintended fertilization has stimulated forest growth, but has also affected soil microbial activity, and thus the recycling of soil carbon and nutrients. Through a meta-analysis of measurements in nitrogen-addition experiments, and a comparison of study sites exposed to elevated or background atmospheric nitrogen deposition, this study has shown that the negative effect of nitrogen on soil respiration is widespread, albeit not universal, in temperate forest ecosystems. Despite the long history of evidence that nitrogen deposition slows decomposition, this effect has not been included in current carbon-cycle models. |
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The impact of proxy-based methods on mapping the distribution of ecosystem services Eigenbrod, F., P.R.Armsworth, B.J.Anderson, A.Heinemeyer, S.Gillings, D.B.Roy, C.D.Thomas and K.J.Gaston (2010). In: Journal of Applied Ecology, 47(2): 377-385. SEI-York. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01777.x This article provides the first study examining the effects of using proxies on ecosystem service maps and the degree of spatial congruence of these maps with primary data, using England as a case study. |
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Error propagation associated with benefits transfer-based mapping of ecosystem Eigenbrod, F., P.R. Armsworth, B.J. Anderson, A. Heinemeyer, S. Gillings, D.B. Roy, C.D. Thomas and K.J. Gaston (2010). In: Biological Conservation, 143(11): 2487-2493. SEI-York. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2010.06.015 This article separates the generalization errors associated with benefits transfer mapping into three constituent components – uniformity, sampling, and regionalization error – and evaluate their effects using primary data for four ecosystem services in England. |
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Representation of ecosystem services by tiered conservation strategies Eigenbrod, F., B.J. Anderson, P.R. Armsworth, A. Heinemeyer, S. Gillings, D.B. Roy, C.D. Thomas and K.J. Gaston. In: Conservation Letters, 3(3): 184–191. SEI-York. DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2010.00102.x This article compares the representation of four ecosystem services by areas protected by both tiered and single conservation strategies (protected areas, restrictive zoning, and incentive payments to landowners) in a human-dominated region (England). |
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Carbon Footprint of Agricultural Development: the Potential Impact of Uptake of Small Electric and Diesel Pumps in Five Countries in Sub Saharan Africa Sugden, C. In: SEI Working Paper 2010 This pilot study aimed to compile a first estimate carbon footprint resulting from the current and potential operation of smallholder diesel/electric water irrigation pumps in the next 10-15 years for five Sub Saharan African countries including; Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Tanzania and Zambia. |
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Policy options for sustainable transport with less noise Schwela, D. In: NOISE/NEWS International September 2010, Volume 18, Number 3. The Institute of Noise Control Engineering of the USA, Inc. pp163-170. Currently, road and air traffic as well as the related noise is increasing in developed and developing countries. On the roads, there is a trend for more powerful and noisier vehicles, particularly trucks and lorries. This growth of personal and goods transportation and related exposure to noise and air pollutants is unsustainable. |
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Agricultural Water Management and Livelihoods in the Jaldhaka Watershed in West Bengal, India Mikhail, M. and A. de Bruin. In: SEI Policy Brief. This policy brief argues that the Jaldhaka watershed agricultural production and development is not restricted by availability of water resources, but by land area per smallholder household and limited opportunity to intensify water use through access to appropriate irrigation. |
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Securing the future – The role of resource efficiency Dawkins, E., K. Roelich, J. Barrett and G. Baiocchi. In: Securing the future – The role of resource efficiency: Final report. Banbury, UK: WRAP (Waste & Resources Action programme). This report was written by SEI for Waste & Resources Action Programme (WRAP) to assess the ways in which 13 quick win resource efficiency strategies could address environmental and economic security concerns using input-output analysis techniques. |
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AWM Interventions and Monitoring and Evaluation: Potential Approaches at the Watershed Level de Bruin, A., M. Mikhail, S. Noel, J. Barron (2010). In: SEI project report. Agricultural Water Management (AWM) interventions for development need a well-designed monitoring and evaluation framework that captures the holistic picture of its planned and unplanned effects on the watershed, or landscape, and livelihoods of people. This report presents relevant indicator themes that have been synthesised from several other organisations’ Monitoring & Evaluation frameworks. |
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Soil Carbon Dynamics: An Integrated Methodology Kutsch, W.L., M. Bahn and A. Heinemeyer. In: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521865616 This book provides an integrated view on measuring and modelling soil carbon dynamics. It provides an important reference work for students and scientists interested in many aspects of soil ecology and biogeochemical cycles, policy makers, carbon traders and others concerned with the global carbon cycle. |
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Determination of soil carbon stocks and changes Rodeghiero, M., A. Heinemeyer, M. Schrumpf and P. Bellamy. In: Kutsch, W.L., M. Bahn and A. Heinemeyer (eds.) Soil Carbon Dynamics: An Integrated Methodology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 49-75. ISBN: 9780521865616 This publication is part of a book which provides an integrated view on measuring and modeling soil carbon dynamics. |
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Respiration from roots and the mycorrhizosphere Moyano, F.E., O.K. Atkin, M. Bahn, A. Heinemeyer, et al. In: Kutsch, W.L., M. Bahn and A. Heinemeyer (eds.) Soil Carbon Dynamics: An Integrated Methodology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 127-156. ISBN: 9780521865616 This publication is part of a book which provides an integrated view on measuring and modeling soil carbon dynamics. |
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Soil carbon relations: an overview Kutsch, W.L., M. Bahn and A. Heinemeyer. In: Kutsch, W.L., M. Bahn and A. Heinemeyer (eds.) Soil Carbon Dynamics: An Integrated Methodology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1-15. ISBN: 9780521865616 This publication is part of a book which provides an integrated view on measuring and modeling soil carbon dynamics. |
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Synthesis: emerging issues and challenges for an integrated understanding of soil carbon fluxes Bahn, M., W.L. Kutsch and A. Heinemeyer. In: Kutsch, W.L., M. Bahn and A. Heinemeyer (eds.) Soil Carbon Dynamics: An Integrated Methodology. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 257-271. ISBN: 9780521865616 This publication is part of a book which provides an integrated view on measuring and modeling soil carbon dynamics. |
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Use of ethylenediurea for assessing the impact of ozone on mung bean plants at a rural site in a dry tropical region of India Singh, S., M. Agrawal, S.B. Agrawal, L. Emberson and P. Büker. In: International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 5(1/2): 125-139. DOI: 10.1504/IJEWM.2010.029697 A field study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of ethylenediurea (EDU) in assessing the impact of ozone (O3) on mung bean plants (Vigna radiata L Malviya Janpriya) grown in a rural area of a dry tropical region of India. Mean monthly O3 concentrations varied between 52.9-64.5 ppb. |
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Older People and Climate Change: the Case for Better Engagement Haq, G., D. Brown and S. Hards. In: SEI project report. This report presents the case for better engagement of older people on climate change issues in particular, and environmental issues in general. |
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Towards a Zero Carbon Vision for UK Transport Whitelegg, J., G. Haq, H. Cambridge and H. Vallack. In: SEI project report. This report shows how to reduce UK transport carbon emissions by 76 per cent by 2050. |
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Uncertainty analysis for Multi-Region Input-Output Models – a case study of the UK’s carbon footprint. Lenzen, M., R. Wood and T. Wiedmann. In: Economic Systems Research, 22(1): 43–63. DOI: 10.1080/09535311003661226 This paper reviews and demonstrates methods available for estimating standard deviations for carbon multipliers in a multi-regional input-output (MRIO) framework. |
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A Carbon Footprint Time Series of the UK - Results from a Multi-Region Input-Output Model Wiedmann, T., R. Wood, J. Minx, M. Lenzen, D. Guan and R. Harris. Economic Systems Research, 22(1): 19–42. DOI: 10.1080/09535311003612591 This article presents the framework and the results of an international multi-region input-output (MRIO) model for the UK. |
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A Review of the Ecological Footprint Indicator - Perceptions and Methods Wiedmann, T. and J. Barrett. In: Sustainability, 2(6): 1645-1693. DOI: 10.3390/su2061645 This article presents a comprehensive review of perceptions and methods around the Ecological Footprint (EF), based on a survey of more than 50 international EF stakeholders and a review of more than 150 original papers on EF methods and applications over the last decade. |
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GAPForum Newsletter Number 8. February 2010 Hicks, K. (ed) In this issue: Reduction in deforestation rates in Amazonia; Focus on black carbon; After Copenhagen; CitiesACT and the Clean Air Portal; News from the networks. |
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Introducing the Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP) Paul, A., T. Wiedmann, J. Barrett, J. Minx, K. Scott, E. Dawkins, A. Owen, J. Briggs and I. Gray. In: SEI Working paper. 9 pp. REAP is a highly sophisticated model that helps policy makers to understand and measure the environmental pressures associated with human consumption. |
2011
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Current knowledge of the impacts of ozone on food crops in South Asia Emberson, L., Büker, P. (2011). In: Mills, G., Harmens, H. (eds.). Ozone pollution: a hidden threat to food security. Report prepared by ICP Vegetation. ICP Vegetation, CEH Bangor, UK, pp. 116. Download full report (pdf) Rapid industrialisation and economic growth across many parts of Asia have resulted in increased emissions of ozone precursor pollutants and hence elevated ozone concentrations. It is imperative that our knowledge of the potential ozone impacts on agriculture across the South Asian region be improved. This knowledge can be enhanced by conducting experimental assessments of the impact of ozone on crops and by using this information to perform regional scale modelling studies to assess the risk posed by ozone to regional scale agricultural production. This chapter reviews the approaches that have been used to evaluate the impacts of ozone on crop yields in South Asia. |
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New stomatal flux-based critical levels for ozone effects on vegetation Mills, G., Pleijel, H , Braun, S., Büker, P., Bermejo, V., Calvo, E., Danielsson, H., Emberson, L., Gonzáles Fernández, I., Grünhage, L., Harmens, H., Hayes, F., Karlsson, P.-E., Simpson, D. (2011). In: Atmospheric Environment 45, 5064-5068. The aim of this short communication is to provide an overview of the eight new flux-based critical levels for ozone, including the stomatal flux model upon which they are based, the response functions used to derive them, their application, supporting evidence and sources of uncertainty. |
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Monitoring nitrogen dioxide levels in urban areas in Rawalpindi, Pakistan Ahmad, S.S., Büker, P., Emberson, L., Shabbir, R. (2011). In: Water Air and Soil Pollution 220, 141-150. Nitrogen dioxide is an important gaseous air pollutant. It plays a major role in atmospheric chemistry, particularly in the formation of secondary air pollutants, and contributes to environmental acidification. A comprehensive assessment of NO2 levels in the atmosphere is required for developing effective strategies for control of air pollution and air quality improvement. Air pollution is a serious problem in all major cities of Pakistan and needs to be addressed to minimize detrimental effects on human health and urban vegetation. In this research, we focused on the monitoring of NO2 levels in the urban environment of Rawalpindi city. |
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Evidence of widespread effects of ozone on crops and (semi-)natural vegetation in Europe (1990–2006) in relation to AOT40- and flux-based risk maps Mills, G., Hayes, F., Simpson, D., Emberson, L., Norris, D., Harmens, H., Büker, P. (2011). In: Global Change Biology 17, 592-613. This paper provides an overview of analysis of ozone effects data for the period 1990–2006; further details including the regional distributions of effects can be found in a report (pdf) by Hayes et al. (2007). In conducting this study, we set out to answer the following questions: How widespread is the occurrence of ozone injury and ozone-induced biomass reduction in Europe and which species of crops, (semi-)natural vegetation and shrubs are affected? Is there any evidence of temporal or spatial trends in ozone effects as a result of changing ozone profiles? How well do AOT40-based and flux-based maps predict the areas where ozone injury and/or biomass reductions have been detected in ambient air? |
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Governance of Air Quality and Stakeholder Engagement: Lessons and Experience from International Cases Forrester, J., K. Hicks, J. Kuylenstierna, J. Simon, C. Snell, M.C. Chadwick, D. Schwela, and L. Emberson. In: Governing the Air: The Dynamics of Science, Policy, and Citizen Interaction (eds. R. Lidskog, G. Sundqvist), pp. 293-319. Cambridge, MA, US: The MIT Press. ISBN: 9780262516426 This book chapter, part of the book Governing the Air: The Dynamics of Science, Policy, and Citizen Interaction, is about stakeholder engagement in the governance and management of air pollution control at several levels of governance: the realm of strategic policy formulation, translation of that strategic policy into policy measures, implementation of those policy measures, and policy evaluation – in other words, at the stages of what is often referred to as the "policy cycle". |
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Assessing impacts of agricultural water interventions in the Kothapally watershed, Southern India Garg, K.K., L. Karlberg, J. Barron, S.P. Wani, J. Rockström. In: Hydrological Processes, online 10 May 2011. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.8138 The paper describes a hydrological model for agricultural water intervention in a community watershed at Kothapally in India, developed through integrated management and a consortium approach. |
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Opportunities for Agricultural Water Management interventions in the Nariarlé watershed in Burkina Faso de Bruin,A., Cambridge,H.M., Stein,C., Ouattara,K. and Paré, S. In: SEI Policy Brief. Agricultural water management (AWM) interventions are increasingly being promoted as a first step to enable positive development, alleviating food insecurity and poverty in the smallholder farming systems that dominate rural sub-Sahara Africa and South Asia. For this case study in the Nariarlé watershed in Burkina Faso, current livelihood strategies were studied and then potential opportunities and possible water related impacts of AWM interventions reviewed. |
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Opportunities for Agricultural Water Management interventions in the Jaldhaka watershed in Koch Bihar, West Bengal, India Mikhail, M., de Bruin, A.,de Condappa, D. In: SEI Policy Brief. This case study, in the Jaldhaka watershed in West Bengal, India, aimed to create a baseline of resource-based livelihoods and to assess the potential for additional development of AWM interventions in relation to the local hydrology. |
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Environmentalism Since 1945 Haq, G. and A. Paul. In: Routledge: UK. ISBN: 9780415601818 Environmentalism Since 1945 provides a concise introduction to the greening of politics, science, economics and culture in the post-war period. Each chapter provides a historical perspective, anchoring topics to real events, influential ideas, and prominent figures. This book is an essential introduction for all those interested in the history of environmentalism. |
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GAPForum Newsletter Number 10. September 2011 Hicks, K. (ed) In this issue: When the ice begins to crack; Progress on short-lived climate forcers; Focus on nitrogen; GAP Forum manuals now online; News from the networks; The Arctic - time for action in the near-term. In one of the GAP Forum’s critical areas of interest – mitigating Short-lived Climate Forcers (SLCFs) - 2011 has also been a year of rapid progress. |
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A social network approach to analyzing water governance: The case of the Mkindo catchment, Tanzania Stein, C., H. Ernstson and J. Barron. In: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 36:14-15, 1085-1092 (11th WaterNet/WARFSA/GWP-SA Symposium: IWRM for National and Regional Integration through Science, Policy and Practice, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 27-28 October 2010). DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.083 In this study the authors demonstrate how social network analysis (SNA), a well-established technique from sociology and organizational research, can be used to empirically map collaborative social networks between actors that either directly or indirectly influence water flows in the Mkindo catchment in Tanzania. |
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Mapping an urban ecosystem service: Quantifying above-ground carbon storage at a city-wide scale Davies,Z.G., Edmondson,J.L., Heinemeyer,A., Leake, J.R. and Gaston, K.J. In: Journal of Applied Ecology, 48:5, 1125–1134. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02021.x Despite urbanization being a major driver of land-use change globally, there have been few attempts to quantify and map ecosystem service provision at a city-wide scale. One service that is an increasingly important feature of climate change mitigation policies, and with other potential benefits, is biological carbon storage. |
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A Consumption Approach for Emissions Accounting - the REAP Tool and REAP Data for 2006 Dawkins, E., Roelich, K. and A. Owen. In: SEI Project Report - 2010. REAP stands for the Resources and Energy Analysis Programme and has been developed to support decision making and policy development. |
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Valuing soft components in agricultural water management interventions in meso-scale watersheds: A review and synthesis Barron, J.; Noel, S. In: Water Alternatives 4:2, 145-154. Meso-scale watershed management (1-10,000 km2) is receiving growing attention as the spatial scale where policy in integrated water resource management goes into operational mode. |
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Dry and wet atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and phosphorus in Singapore Hea, J.; Balasubramanian, R.; Burger, D.F.; Hicks, K.; Kuylenstierna, J.C.I.; Palani, S. In: Atmospheric Environment 45:16, 2760-2768. DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.036 Atmospheric nutrients have recently gained increased attention as significant additional sources of new nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loading to aquatic ecosystems. |
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TEST Newsletter 1 Gary Haq (ed) and other authors from TEST Network The TEST Network aims to support Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries - Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe - in formulating and implementing sustainable transport policies which contribute to poverty reduction and sustainable economic development. |
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Comparing the closed static versus the closed dynamic chamber flux methodology: Implications for soil respiration studies. A. Heinemeyer and N.P. McNamara. In: Plant and Soil 346:1-2, 145–151. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-011-0804-0 Soil respiration is the largest C-flux component in the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle, yet in many biomes this flux and its environmental responses are still poorly understood. Several methodological techniques exist to measure this flux, but mostly there remain comparability uncertainties. For example, the closed static chamber (CSC) and the closed dynamic chamber (CDC) systems are widely used, but still require a rigorous comparison. The authors compared these two different chamber systems using replicated CSC cover boxes and a Li-Cor 8100 CDC system under field conditions, and performed tests on both mineral and peat soil. |
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Turnover of recently assimilated carbon in arctic bryophytes Street, L.E.; Subke, J.A.; Sommerkorn, M.; Heinemeyer A.; Williams, M. In: Oecologia 167:2, 325-337. DOI: 10.1007/s00442-011-1988-y Carbon (C) allocation and turnover in arctic bryophytes is largely unknown, but their response to climatic change has potentially significant impacts on arctic ecosystem C budgets. |
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Nitrogen Deposition and Natura 2000: Science and Practice in Determining Environmental Impacts Hicks, W.K., Whitfield, C.P., Bealey, W.J. and M.A. Sutton. In: COST729/ This book represents current thinking in Europe for the assessment and protection of Natura 2000 sites receiving elevated nitrogen deposition inputs. It describes existing methodologies and also considers emerging issues. It is hoped that this book will provide a valuable resource for practitioners in nature conservation and environmental regulation; scientific experts in nitrogen deposition, impact detection and environmental assessments; and policy advisers and stakeholders in the fields of biodiversity, the Habitats Directive and nitrogen emissions management. |
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York Green Neighbourhood Challenge Haq, G., and Owen, A. In: Stockholm Environment Institute, Project Report - 2011. The York Green Neighbourhood Challenge was a community engagement initiative conducted in the City of York in the period May 2009 to September 2010. The project was funded by the Without Walls Partnership Local Area Agreement (LAA) Delivery Fund on behalf of the York Environment Partnership (an environmentally focused partnership within the Without Walls Partnership). The general aim of the Challenge was to achieve a measurable reduction in household carbon emissions, raise public awareness of low carbon lifestyles and foster community cohesion. |
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Applying the ecosystem service concept to air quality management in the UK: a case study for ammonia Smart, J. C. R., Hicks, K., Morrissey, T., Heinemeyer, A., Sutton, M. A. and Ashmore, M. In: Environmetrics (Special Issue: Quantitative Approaches to Ecosystem Service Evaluation), 22:5, 649–661. DOI: 10.1002/env.1094 This paper considers the current feasibility of using an ecosystem services approach to appraise the benefits of alternative scenarios for controlling agricultural ammonia emissions in the UK. |
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The impact of projected increases in urbanization on ecosystem services F. Eigenbrod, V.A. Bell, H.N. Davies, A. Heinemeyer , P.R. Armsworth and K.J. Gaston. In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278:1722, 3201-3208. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2010.2754 Alteration in land use is likely to be a major driver of changes in the distribution of ecosystem services before 2050. In Europe, urbanization will probably be the main cause of land-use change. This increase in urbanization will result in spatial shifts in both supplies of ecosystem services and the beneficiaries of those services; the net outcome of such shifts remains to be determined. The authors model changes in urban land cover in Britain based on large (16%) projected increases in the human population by 2031, and the consequences for flood mitigation, agricultural production and carbon storage. |
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Identification of ‘Carbon Hot-Spots’ and Quantification of GHG Intensities in the Biodiesel Supply Chain Using Hybrid LCA and Structural Path Analysis Acquaye, A.A.; Wiedmann, T.; Feng, K.; Crawford, R.H.; Barrett, J.; Kuylenstierna, J.; Duffy, A.P.; Koh, S.C.L., McQueen-Mason, S. In: Environmental Science & Technology 45:6, 2471–2478. DOI: 10.1021/es103410q This article describes a study that used a hybrid life cycle assessment methodology to evaluate the life cycle CO2 equivalent emissions of rape methyl ester (RME) biodiesel. |
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Soil respiration: implications of the plant-soil continuum and respiration chamber collar-insertion depth on measurement and modelling of soil CO2 efflux rates in three ecosystems A. Heinemeyer, C. Di Bene, A.R. Lloyd, D. Tortorella, R. Baxter, B. Huntley, A. Gelsomino & P. Ineson In: European Journal of Soil Science, 62: 82–94. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2010.01331.x Key uncertainties remain in accurately measuring soil respiration, including how the commonly-used technique of collar insertion affects measured soil and root-derived CO2 fluxes. This paper describes an experiment to measure differences in soil CO2 flux using different collar insertion depths. We hypothesized that total soil respiration is frequently under-estimated because soil collar insertions sever surface roots, which coupled with the preferential practice of taking daytime measurements, leads to the autotrophic (root-derived) component frequently being missed. |
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The MILLENNIA peat cohort model: Predicting past, present and future soil carbon budgets and fluxes under changing climates in peatlands A. Heinemeyer, S. Croft, M.H. Garnett, M. Gloor, J. Holden, M.R. Lomas & P. Ineson. In: Climate Research (Special Issue: Climate Change & the British Uplands), 45: 207–226. DOI: 10.3354/cr00928 Globally, considerable carbon (C) is stored in soils, particularly in peatlands. These stores play a potentially significant role in atmospheric C-cycle feedbacks, and thus need to be accounted for in global models. A major shortcoming of current models that are based on the decomposition of soil C pools is the lack of representation of long-term (non-equilibrium) soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation, as peat cohorts, with cohort age information. This paper describes an improved peat age-cohort model called MILLENNIA, developed by the authors, with a variable water table depth (WTD) driving C-dynamics during Holocene peat accumulation, allowing validation with peat age data and the testing of a realistic WTD-driven peat SOC stock response to climate-change scenarios. |
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Participatory geographic information systems for agricultural water management scenario development: A Tanzanian case study Cinderby, S., A. De Bruin, B. Mbilinyi, V. Kongo and J. Barron. In: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 36:14-15, 1093-1102 (11th WaterNet/WARFSA/GWP-SA Symposium: IWRM for National and Regional Integration through Science, Policy and Practice, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 27-28 October 2010). DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.039 The paper discusses the development of a participatory GIS (PGIS) methodology to improve water management decision-making by facilitating stakeholder dialogues in an efficient and consultative manner. |
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Yield and soil system changes from conservation tillage in dryland farming: A case study from North Eastern Tanzania Enfors, E., J. Barron, H. Makurira, J. Rockström and S. Tumbo. In: Agricultural Water Management 98:11, 1687-1695 (online 7 April, 2010). DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2010.02.013 This paper presents the result from an on-farm conservation tillage experiment (combining ripping with mulch and manure application) that was carried out in North Eastern Tanzania from 2005 to 2008. |
2012
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Impacts of current and future ozone concentrations on carbon uptake and storage in trees across Europe: application of DO3SE Büker, P., Emberson, L., Falk, R., Briolat, A., Cinderby, S., Cambridge, H., Harmens, H., Mills, G., Norris, D., Simpson, D. (2012). In: Harmens, H., Mills, G. (eds.). Ozone pollution: Impacts on carbon sequestration in Europe. Report prepared by ICP Vegetation. ICP Vegetation, CEH Bangor, UK, pp. 90. Download full report (pdf) The aims of the modelling case study described in this chapter were to:
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Hydrogen fluoride damage to vegetation from peri-urban brick kilns in Asia: A growing but unrecognised problem? Ahmad, M.N., van den Berg, L.J.L, Shah, H.U., Masood, T., Büker, P., Emberson, L., Ashmore, M. (2012). In: Environmental Pollution 162, 319-324. The rapid urbanisation of many cities in south and south-east Asia has increased the demand for bricks, which are typically supplied from brick kilns in peri-urban areas. This report focusses on the effects of elevated concentrations of hydrogen fluoride and foliar fluoride on fruit trees in the vicinity of traditional Bull’s Trench brick kilns in Peshawar, Pakistan. Awareness of the problem and the severity of its impact on the livelihoods of local farmers are assessed, and the wider implications of these results are considered in the context of brick kiln emissions in Asia. |
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DO3SE modelling of soil moisture to determine ozone flux to European forest trees Büker, P., Morrissey, T., Briolat, A., Falk, R., Simpson, D., Tuovinen, J.-P., Alonso, R., Barth, S., Baumgarten, M., Grulke, N., Karlsson, P. E., King, J., Lagergren, F., Matyssek, R., Nunn, A., Ogaya, R., Peñuelas, J., Rhea, L., Schaub, M., Uddling, J., Werner, W., Emberson, L.D. (2012). In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, 5537-5562. This paper describes the development and evaluation of a method to estimate soil moisture status and its influence on stomatal conductance for a variety of forest tree species. |
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Biofuels and their potential to aid the UK towards achieving emissions reduction policy targets Acquaye, A.A., T. Sherwen, A. Genovese, J.C.I. Kuylenstierna, S.C.L. Koha, and S. McQueen-Mason. In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16:7, 5414–5422. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.04.046 |
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What’s Cooking? Adaptation & Mitigation in the UK Food System Bows, A.; Dawkins, E.; Gough, C.; Mander, S.; McLachlan, C.; Röder, M.; Thom, L.; Thornley, P., and Wood, R. In: Report by the Sustainable Consumption Institute, University of Manchester, UK This report, based on a two-year study of UK food systems and climate change, finds that UK consumers could face dramatically reduced food choices in the future unless much more is done to cut greenhouse gas emissions. |
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Building a Low-carbon Future: Resource Constraints and Key Strategies to Overcome Them Davis, M., based on work by M. Chadwick, V. Clark, E. Dawkins, R. Falk, J. Fahnestock, A. Fencl, S. Kartha, E. Kemp-Benedict, V. Mehta, D. Purkey, K. Roelich, A. Varnäs and D. Yates. In: SEI / 3C summary for decision-makers This document summarizes the findings of three studies on resource scarcity and the green economy carried out within the partnership programme between the business leaders’ initiative Combat Climate Change (3C) and the Stockholm Environment Institute. |
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Towards a low carbon future – the development and application of REAP Tourism, a destination footprint and scenario tool Emma Rachel Whittlesea & Anne Owen. In: Journal of Sustainable Tourism This paper explores the development and application of a bespoke modelling and scenario tool, REAP Tourism, to quantify the full greenhouse gas (CO2e) footprint associated with visitor activity and consumption. |
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Low-Greenhouse-Gas Consumption Strategies and Impacts on Developing Countries (Policy brief) Erickson, P., A. Owen and E. Dawkins. In: SEI Policy Brief. This policy brief, based on SEI Working Paper 2012-01, outlines a study of the implications of a potential shift towards low-carbon consumption in wealthier countries for the poorer countries that produce goods for export. |
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Low-Greenhouse-Gas Consumption Strategies and Impacts on Developing Countries Erickson, P., A. Owen and E. Dawkins. In: SEI Working Paper 2012-01. This paper explores the implications of a potential shift to low-carbon consumption in wealthy countries for the poorer countries where many goods are made, and looks at ways to minimise negative impacts. |
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Metals in a Low-Carbon Economy: Resource Scarcity, Climate Change and Business in a Finite World Dawkins, E., M. Chadwick, K. Roelich and R. Falk. In: SEI Project Report. SEI: Stockholm, Sweden. This report, written as part of the partnership programme between the business leaders’ initiative 3C (Combat Climate Change) and the Stockholm Environment Institute, examines the use of five metals in low-carbon technologies: cobalt, lithium, neodymium, indium and tellurium. |
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Metals in a Low-Carbon Economy: Resource Scarcity, Climate Change and Business in a Finite World (Policy brief) Dawkins, E., K. Roelich, R. Falk and M. Chadwick. In: SEI Policy Brief, Stockholm, Sweden. This policy brief, based on a report written as part of a partnership between the business leaders’ initiative 3C (Combat Climate Change) and the Stockholm Environment Institute, examines the use of five metals in low-carbon technologies: cobalt, lithium, neodymium, indium and tellurium. |
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Fast assimilate turnover revealed by in situ 13CO2 pulse-labelling in Subarctic tundra Subke, J.-A., A. Heinemeyer, H.W. Vallack, V. Leronni, R. Baxter, P. Ineson. In: Polar Biology, online first. This article explores differences in allocation and turnover of assimilated carbon in two Subarctic tundra communities. |
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Biotic carbon feedbacks in a materially closed soil–vegetation–atmosphere system Milcu, A., M. Lukac, J.-A. Subke, P. Manning, A. Heinemeyer, D. Wildman, R. Anderson, and P. Ineson. In: Nature Climate Change. DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1448 The magnitude and direction of the coupled feedbacks between the biotic and abiotic components of the terrestrial carbon cycle is a major source of uncertainty in coupled climate–carbon-cycle models. This article shows that using materially closed soil–vegetation–atmosphere systems with pro rata carbon amounts for the main terrestrial carbon pools enables the establishment of conditions that balance plant carbon assimilation, and autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration fluxes over periods suitable to investigate short-term biotic carbon feedbacks. |
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Partitioning of soil CO2 flux components in a temperate grassland ecosystem Heinemeyer, A., D. Tortorella, B. Petrovičová, A. Gelsomino. In: European Journal of Soil Science 63:2, 249–260. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2012.01433.x This article describes the deployment of an automated multiplexed soil-respiration (SR) system to monitor partitioned soil CO2 component fluxes (from roots, mycorrhizal hyphae and heterotrophs) in a UK grassland. |
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Releasing the Pressure: Water Resource Efficiencies and Gains for Ecosystem Services (Policy brief) Keys, P.; Barron, J., and Lannerstad, M. In: UNEP and SEI Policy Brief. This policy brief focuses on a key shortcoming of commonly used definitions of ‘water productivity’: their narrow scope, which ignores many important benefits from water use. |
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Releasing the Pressure: Water Resource Efficiencies and Gains for Ecosystem Services Keys, P.; Barron, J., and Lannerstad, M. In: Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme, and Stockholm: Stockholm Environment Institute This report discusses the need to balance short-term water productivity gains, particularly in agriculture, with water flows’ long-term role in maintaining sustainable landscape ecosystem services and supporting human well-being. |
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Intercontinental trans-boundary contributions to ozone-induced crop yield losses in the Northern Hemisphere Hollaway, M.J., S.R. Arnold, A.J. Challinor, and L.D. Emberson. In: Biogeosciences 9:1, 271-292. DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-271-201 This article describes an analysis of the impact of ozone pollution generated in each of the Northern Hemisphere’s major industrialised regions (Europe, North America, and South East Asia) on six important agricultural crops: wheat, maize, soybean, cotton, potato, and rice. |
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The Economics of Low Carbon Cities: A Mini-Stern Review for the Leeds City Region Gouldson, A., N. Kerr, C. Topi, E. Dawkins, J.C.I. Kuylenstierna, R. Pearce. In: Centre for Low Carbon Futures report This report outlines a new method for a city-scale ‘mini-Stern review’ to evaluate the cost and carbon effectiveness of a wide range of existing low carbon options that could be applied in households, industry, commerce and transport. |
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Simultaneously Mitigating Near-Term Climate Change and Improving Human Health and Food Security Shindell, D., J.C.I. Kuylenstierna, E. Vignati, R. van Dingenen, M. Amann, Z. Klimont, S.C. Anenberg, N. Muller, G. Janssens-Maenhout, F. Raes, J. Schwartz, G. Faluvegi, L. Pozzoli, K. Kupiainen, L. Höglund-Isaksson, L. Emberson, D. Streets, V. Raman. In: Science 335:6065 (13 January 2012), 183-189. DOI: 10.1126/science.1210026 Tropospheric ozone and black carbon (BC) contribute to both degraded air quality and global warming. The authors considered ~400 emission control measures to reduce these pollutants by using current technology and experience. They identified 14 measures targeting methane and BC emissions that reduce projected global mean warming by ~0.5°C by 2050. |
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Exploring the 'overflow tap' theory: Linking forest soil CO2 fluxes and individual mycorrhizosphere components to photosynthesis A. Heinemeyer, M. Wilkinson, R. Vargas, J.-A. Subke, E. Casella, J.I.L. Morison & P. Ineson. In: Biogeosciences 9, 79–95. DOI: 10.5194/bg-9-79-2012 Quantifying soil organic carbon stocks (SOC) and their dynamics accurately is crucial for better predictions of climate change feedbacks within the atmosphere-vegetation-soil system. However, the components, environmental responses and controls of the soil CO2 efflux (Rs) are still unclear and limited by field data availability. The objectives of this study were (1) to quantify the contribution of the various Rs components, specifically its mycorrhizal component, (2) to determine their temporal variability, and (3) to establish their environmental responses and dependence on gross primary productivity (GPP). |
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The 'Gas-Snake': Design and validation of a versatile membrane-based gas flux measurement system in a grassland soil respiration study A. Heinemeyer, V. Gruber & M. Bahn. In: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 154-155 (March 2012), 166-173. DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.10.017 This article describes the ‘Gas-Snake’, a novel flexible membrane-based soil surface flux system developed by the authors, using micro-polyvinylidene difluoride flat membrane (PVDF) in connection with a chamber based Li-Cor 8100 CO2 analyser unit and a flushing system. |
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AWM Investments: Monitoring and Evaluation of Social, Environmental, and Economic Impacts de Bruin, A., and J. Barron. In: SEI / AgWater Solutions Policy Brief This policy brief highlights the importance of monitoring and evaluation in the context of agricultural water management (AWM) for smallholder farmers in developing nations. |
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Simulated water resource impacts and livelihood implications of stakeholder-developed scenarios in the Jaldhaka Basin, India de Bruin, A., D. de Condappa, M. Mikhail, S.K. Tomer, M. Sekhar, and J. Barron. In: Water International 37(4), Special Issue: How Hydrological Models Support Informed Decision Making in Developing Countries, 492-508. DOI: 10.1080/02508060.2012.708976 This paper shows how multidisciplinary research can help policy makers develop policies for sustainable agricultural water management interventions by supporting a dialogue between government departments that are in charge of different aspects of agricultural development. |
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Green Supply Chain Management: The Development of Supply Chain Carbon Maps.
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