Preparing for the workplace

Workplace culture refers to the shared values, behaviours and ways of working in an organisation. It shapes everything from how people communicate to how decisions are made.

Some workplaces have a clear structure with managers and formal roles; others are more relaxed and team-focused. You’re not expected to know everything straight away, but being willing to learn, paying attention to how things are done, and treating everyone politely and professionally will help you settle in.

• Timekeeping: Arrive on time — or a little early — for shifts, meetings, and appointments. Punctuality is seen as a sign of reliability.
  
• Dress code: If you're unsure what to wear, smart-casual is often a safe option to start. You can adjust once you get a sense of what's expected. If you need access to professional clothing while you're at university, you can choose items for free from our Work Wardrobe

• Email tone: Use a professional tone in emails. Avoid slang, emojis, or overly casual language. Indeed resource: 14 guidelines for professional email etiquette at work
  
• Meetings: Listen actively, don’t interrupt, and contribute if invited. It’s fine to take notes and ask questions
  

• Be proactive: If you’ve finished a task, check if there’s anything else you can support with
  
• Respect roles: You may be working with people more senior than you, or in different departments. Be professional and open-minded with everyone
  
• Inclusivity: UK workplaces value diversity. Be respectful of different backgrounds, experiences and perspectives — and expect the same in return
  
• It’s normal to have different opinions in the workplace – what matters is how you handle them professionally and respectfully. Try to listen respectfully and communicate calmly. Developing these skills takes time, and learning to manage different viewpoints is an important part of growing in your career

Workplaces can vary, and it’s okay not to know all the rules. You can:

• Ask your manager or a colleague if you’re not sure about something
  
• Check for a staff handbook or internal guidance
  
• Reach out to Careers and Placements for advice or support
  

Guessing can sometimes lead to problems — it's always better to ask if you're unsure. Asking questions shows that you’re engaged and keen to learn. Most colleagues will appreciate that you're still learning and are more likely to respect your honesty and effort.

• Keep personal phone use to a minimum during work hours
  
• Don’t overshare on work group chats or email threads
  
• If you’re in a remote/online meeting:
  • keep your camera on when requested and find a quiet, professional environment if possible
  • mute yourself when you're not speaking, and try not to multitask during meetings — staying present shows respect for others’ time
• Avoid gossip — maintain a positive and discreet approach to workplace conversations

Break policies can vary depending on your employer, the type of work, and the length of your shift.

• In the UK, if you work more than 6 hours, you're usually entitled to at least a 20-minute unpaid break
  
• In many workplaces, there’s no fixed lunch hour — you’ll often be guided by your team or manager
  
• Not sure when to take a break? Ask your manager, or wait until a natural pause in the work. It’s fine to ask what’s normal

• If you need to request leave (for a holiday, appointment or emergency), do it as early as possible — and ideally by email so there’s a clear record
  
• If you’re unwell and can’t attend work, let your manager know as soon as you can — ideally before your shift starts. A short message or call is fine - check your workplace reporting policy
  
• Concerns: If something doesn’t feel right — whether it’s about your workload, behaviour from others, or your rights, it’s okay to speak up. Start with your manager or HR contact, or get in touch with us at Careers and Placements if you’re unsure who to talk to

In any workplace, you're expected to take responsibility for your time, development and conduct, even in entry-level roles. This might include:

• Tracking your hours: Don’t rely on someone else to keep a perfect record of your shifts. Keep your own note of hours worked, breaks taken, and any overtime
  
• If your role includes paid holiday, make sure you understand how much you're entitled to and how to request time off
  
• Your own development: If there’s training to complete, make time for it. If you’re unsure how to improve or progress, it’s okay to ask for feedback or support
  
• Stay informed: Read any policies or handbooks you’re given — these often include information about conduct, health and safety, and what to do if you have a problem

• 1PGR - Workplace Etiquette Guide for Graduates: Navigating Professionalism with Confidence
• Business Culture.org - Business meeting etiquette in the UK aimed at international students
• Indeed - Meeting Etiquette Rules You Should Follow at Work
• Prospects - Virtual internships and projects allow you to gain valuable work experience and enhance professional skills from the comfort of your own space. 
• Explore Shortlist.me - dive into vivid workplace scenarios, mirroring challenges you might face in real UK job settings. York students can access the platform here
• Careers and Placements - Your employment rights
• Citizens Advice - Your rights at work
• Acas - Equality, Diversity and Inclusion

Human Resources (HR) – the team that deals with hiring, contracts, training, pay, and employee wellbeing. Not all small organisations have an HR department.

Induction – your introduction to the workplace. This might include training, meeting the team, and learning about policies and procedures.

Line manager – the person you report to directly at work. They usually assign your tasks and manage your performance.

Notice period – the amount of time you or your employer must give before ending the job. This is usually stated in your contract.

Personal Development Review (PDR) - A process for reviewing an employee’s work and development. Typically, held annually between employee and line manager. May be known by other names, such as Performance and Development Review, Career Development Review or Performance Appraisal.

Probation period – a trial period at the start of a new job (often a few weeks or months), where your employer sees how you settle in before confirming your position.

Shadowing  - observing someone at work to learn how they do their job. It helps you understand the role, workplace, and typical tasks involved.