The Meanings of Excrements in England and the German countries 1470-1720
Supervisor: Mark Jenner
In my thesis I examine the meanings of excrements in England and the German countries from circa 1470 to 1720. In particular, my research focuses on the significance of uroscopy in 16th-century vernacular print culture and in practitioners' case books such as by Forman and Napier. Furthermore, my thesis explores the recommendation of excrements as therapeutic agents in 16th- and 17th-century printed vernacular books which contained recipes. My findings show that the authors of the relevant works reiterated standard patterns of medical diagnosis and therapy. What is more, my study of readers' annotations in a substantial number of the surviving copies of various editions of the respective books indicate that contemporary readers engaged actively with these texts.