(a) Main
research projects
Contact processes and transmission of bovine tuberculosis
among badgers and other wildlife (1999 to present). Funded
by NERC/EPSRC Environmental Mathematics and Statistics
studentship, University of York studentships, New Zealand
Foundation for Research, Science and Technology. Some of
this work has been done in conjunction with Mike Hutchings
(Scottish Agricultural College), Mick Clout and Weihong Ji
(University of Auckland) and Peter Diggle (Lancaster
University).
Diseases of humans and livestock for which wildlife act as
hosts (wildlife diseases) are of considerable economic and
conservation importance throughout the world. One such
disease is bovine tuberculosis (Tb), which continues to be
of considerable economic importance in New Zealand, Britain,
Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. In these
countries, the existence of a wildlife reservoir (the
brushtail possum in New Zealand and the badger in the other
countries) has contributed to the failure of conventional
cattle-based Tb eradication campaigns. Disease transmission
structure, operating through contact rate patterns and
contact rate/density relationships, is recognised as a key
factor influencing wildlife disease dynamics. Direct
contacts among individuals of animal populations provide
opportunities for horizontal transmission of genes via
mating, maintain spatial and social structures and may also
play a significant role in dispersal and spacing mechanisms.
They also provide opportunities for the transmission of
other organisms that live in association with a population
such as infectious agents. This research aims to quantify
contacts between individuals in free-living badger
populations.
Related publications:
Palphramand, K.L.
& White, P.C.L. (2007) Badgers, Meles meles, discriminate
between neighbour, alien and self scent. Animal Behaviour,
74, 429-436.
Renwick, A.R., White, P.C.L. & Bengis, R.G. (2007) Bovine
tuberculosis in southern African wildlife: a multi-species
host-pathogen system. Epidemiology and Infection, 135,
529-540.
Newton-Cross, G., White, P.C.L. & Harris, S. (2007)
Modelling the distribution of badgers Meles meles: comparing
predictions from field-based and remotely derived habitat
data. Mammal Review, 37, 54-70.
Palphramand, K.L., Newton-Cross, G. & White, P.C.L. (2007)
Spatial organization and behavior of badgers (Meles meles)
in a moderate-density population. Behavioral Ecology and
Sociobiology, 61, 401-413.
Ji, W., White, P.C.L. & Clout, M. (2005) Contact rates
between possums revealed by proximity data loggers. Journal
of Applied Ecology, 42, 595-604.
Role of rabbits and the environment in the epidemiology
of paratuberculosis of farmed ruminants (2002 to present).
Funded by Scottish Executive Environment and Rural Affairs
Department. A collaborative project between Scottish
Agricultural College and University of York.
Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) is a chronic enteritis of
all ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies
paratuberculosis. The disease was largely considered to
affect only ruminants, but recent evidence has shown that
rabbits are asymptomatic hosts of M.a.paratuberculosis and
can shed large numbers of bacteria in their faeces such that
a single rabbit faecal pellet may constitute an infective
dose for cattle. Cattle appear not to discriminate against
pastures contaminated with rabbit faeces while grazing and
thus there is a high risk of infection for cattle via the
faecal-oral route during grazing. Our overall objective is
to quantify the risks of transmission of
M.a.paratuberculosis posed to cattle by rabbits, using a
combination of field experiments and simulation modelling.
Related publications:
Judge, J., Davidson, R., Marion, G., White, P.C.L. &
Hutchings, M.R. (2007) Are rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus a
true wildlife reservoir for paratuberculosis? Journal of
Applied Ecology, 44, 302-311.
Smith, L.A., White, P.C.L. & Hutchings, M.R. (2006) Effect
of the nutritional environment and reproductive investment
on herbivore-parasite interactions in grazing environments.
Behavioral Ecology, 17, 591-596.
Impacts and management of wild deer populations (2002 to
present). Funded by UK Research Councils Rural Economy and
Land Use Programme, Natural Environment Research Council,
Economic and Social Research Council, Woodland Trust,
Forestry Commission, Natural England, University of York.
The RELU collaborative deer management project involves
collaboration with the Macaulay Institute, Universities of
Kent and Aberdeen, Forest Enterprise.
Wild deer populations are increasing in range and abundance
in many parts of the world including Britain. Abundant deer
populations can give rise to conflicts between different
stakeholder groups which have contrasting opinions
concerning how deer should be managed. Deer can bring
benefits such as conservation benefits (native species) and
benefits from venison production, but they can also cause
damage to conservation areas, cause economic impacts through
road traffic accidents, and reduce yields from agriculture
and forestry. This research addresses the impacts and
management of deer, and combines ecological and social
fieldwork with interdisciplinary modelling.
Related publications:
Smart, J.C.R., White, P.C.L. & Termansen, M. (in press)
Modelling conflicting objectives in the management of a
mobile ecological resource: red deer in the Scottish
Highlands. Ecological Economics.
Böhm, M., White, P.C.L., Hunter, J., Smith, L. & Hutchings,
M.R. (2007) Wild deer as a source of infection for livestock
and humans in the UK. The Veterinary Journal 174, 260-276.
White, P.C.L., Smart, J.C.R., Böhm, M., Langbein, J. & Ward,
A.I. (2004) Economic impacts of wild deer in the East of
England. Report to the Forestry Commission and English
Nature. Published on the web at:
http://www.woodlandforlife.net/wfl-woodbank/DisplayArticle.asp?ID=2333.
Ward, A.I., White, P.C.L., Smith, A. & Critchley, C.H.
(2004) Modelling the cost of roe deer browsing damage to
forestry. Forest Ecology and Management, 191, 301-310.
Smart, J.C.R., Ward, A.I. & White, P.C.L. (2004) Monitoring
woodland deer populations in the UK: an imprecise science.
Mammal Review, 34, 99-114.
Biodiversity-ecosystem processes in heterogeneous
environments (2004 to present). Funded by Natural
Environment Research Council. A collaborative project
between the Universities of York (Piran White & Dave
Raffaelli), Aberdeen (Martin Solan & Graham Pierce) and St.
Andrews (David Paterson), led by the University of York.
The impact of biodiversity on ecosystem function has been a
focus of recent research. Spatial heterogeneity is a
characteristic of many ecosystems, but its effects on the
biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship have not been
addressed. This work is examining the role of heterogeneity
and biodiversity in determining ecosystem function using an
integrated modelling and experimental approach in an
estuarine system. It is currently concentrating on the
impacts of environmental change on biodiversity-ecosystem
function relationships.
Related publications:
Dyson, K.E., Bulling, M., Solan, M., Raffaelli, D., White,
P.C.L. & Paterson, D.M. (2007). Influence of heterogeneity
of ecosystem function in experimental systems. Proceedings
of the Royal Society of London B 274, 2547-2554.
Solan, M., Raffaelli, D.G., Paterson, D.M., White, P.C.L. &
Pierce, G.J. (2006) Theme Section. Marine biodiversity and
ecosystem function: empirical approaches and future research
needs. Introduction. Marine Ecology Progress Series 311,
175-178.
Bulling, M.T., White, P.C.L., Raffaelli, D.G. & Pierce, G.J.
(2006) Using model systems to address the
biodiversity-ecosystem functioning process. Marine Ecology
Progress Series 311, 295-309.
Social and environmental inequalities in rural areas
(2003 to present). Funded by UK Research Councils RELU
programme. This research is done in collaboration with Meg
Huby and Steve Cinderby at the University of York.
The achievement of sustainable rural development implicitly
depends on the distribution of social, economic and
environmental goods and services that are needed to maintain
and reinforce the vitality of rural areas; and research to
inform effective evidence-based rural policy-making relies
on the availability of readily accessible data, from both
social and natural scientific disciplines, about this
distribution. In the proposed project, we plan to examine
patterns of social and environmental inequalities in the
distribution of social, economic and environmental goods and
services. Having identified inequalities, we can then
consider their implications for fairness and equity.
Related publications:
Huby, M., Cinderby, S., Crowe, A.M., Gillings, S., McClean,
C.J., Moran, D., Owen, A. & White, P.C.L. (2006) The
association of natural, social and economic factors with
bird species richness in rural England. Journal of
Agricultural Economics, 57, 295-312.
(b) All
research grants awarded over last 4 years
White, P.C.L. et al. 2007. Coastal wetland ecosystem
services. ESRC interdisciplinary seminar series, £22,242.
White, P.C.L. 2007. Work shadow at Clinton Devon Estates. UK
Research Councils RELU programme, £500.
Solan, M., Raffaelli, D., Paterson, D. & White, P.C.L.
2007-2010. Marine biodiversity-ecosystem processes under
uncertain environmental futures. NERC, £380,663.
Huby, M., Cinderby, S. & White, P.C.L. 2007-2009. Social and
environmental inequalities in rural areas. UK Research
Councils RELU programme, £278,660.
Raffaelli, D., White, P.C.L., Smart, J.C. & Ashmore, M.
2006-2007. England’s terrestrial ecosystem services and the
rationale for an ecosystem-based approach. A joint project
between ADAS, University of Nottingham and University of
York. Defra, £17,300.
McLeod, S. White, P.C.L. & Hutchings, M.R. 2006-2009. Causes
of local variation in the impact of RHDV. National Feral
Animal Control Program (Australia), £16,132 (AUS$40,000)
White, P.C.L. & McLeod, S. 2006-2009. Factors affecting the
success of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus in Australia.
PhD studentship, Invasive Animals Co-operative Research
Centre (Australia), £27,828 (AUS$69,000).
Irvine, J., Macmillan, D., Mayle, B., Richards, C., Van der
Wal, R. & White, P.C.L. 2006-2009. Collaborative frameworks
in land management: a case study on integrated deer
management. A joint project between the Centre for Ecology
and Hydrology (CEH), Forest Research, the Macaulay
Institute, the University of Aberdeen and the University of
York, led by CEH. UK Research Councils RELU programme,
£597,854. (University of York: £62,980).
Irvine, J. et al. 2005-2008. Developing methodologies for
assessing the diffuse impacts of deer. SEERAD, £59,763.
White, P.C.L. & Harris, S. 2005. Changes in management and
attitudes to foxes following the Hunting Act. The League
Trust, £5,965.
Saunders, G. et al. 2005-2012. Australasian Invasive Animal
Co-operative Research Centre. University of York is a full
member of this CRC. Australian Government Department of
Education, Science and Training, AUS$30m.
Ji, W., White, P.C.L., Delahay, R. & Hutchings, M.R. 2004.
Measuring interactions between badger individuals and groups
using novel proximity data loggers. British Ecological
Society, £1500.
White, P.C.L., McClean, C.J., Raffaelli, D.G., Moran, D.,
Harris, S. & Gillings, S. 2004-2005. Integrating spatial
data on the rural economy, land use and biodiversity. A
Development Activity award between the University of York,
Scottish Agricultural College, University of Bristol and
British Trust for Ornithology, led by the University of
York. UK Research Councils RELU programme, £18,364.
Raffaelli, D.G., White, P.C.L. & Perrings, C.A. 2004. RELU:
the international context. A Development Activity award
within the UK Research Councils RELU programme, £17,234.
White, P.C.L., Smart, J.C.R., Ward, A.I. & Moore, N. 2004.
Impacts of deer and deer management on woodland biodiversity
in the English lowlands: a literature review and assessment
of research needs. A collaborative project between the
University of York and Central Science Laboratory, led by
the University of York. The Woodland Trust, £7,614.
Irvine, J., Macmillan, D., Mayle, B., Richards, C., Van der
Wal, R. & White, P.C.L. 2004. The role of collaborative land
management in developing a sustainable rural economy: a case
study on factors underlying integrated deer management. A
networking project between the Centre for Ecology and
Hydrology (CEH), Forest Research, the University of Aberdeen
and the University of York, led by CEH. UK Research Councils
RELU programme, £5,000.
White, P.C.L. & Raffaelli, D.G. 2004-2007.
Biodiversity-ecosystem processes in heterogeneous
environments, Natural Environment Research Council,
£324,928.
A collaborative
project between the Universities of York (Piran White & Dave
Raffaelli), Aberdeen (Graham Pierce) and St. Andrews (David
Paterson), led by the University of York (£171,394).
White, P.C.L., Ji, W. & Chesmore, D., 2004-2005. Field
assessment of a novel device for monitoring interactions
among free-living animals, University of York Innovation and
Research Priming Fund, £6,208.
Raffaelli, D.G., White, P.C.L. & Perrings, C.A. , 2003-2004.
The future of healthy ecosystems, A collaborative project
with Central Science Laboratory, led by the University of
York. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs,
£51,432.
White, P.C.L. & Ward, A.I., 2003. Assessment of roe deer
population level and impacts in the North Riding Forest
Park, Forest Enterprise, £1,800.
White, P.C.L. & Diggle, P.J., 2003-2006. Contact patterns
and processes in territorial mammals, NERC/EPSRC
Environmental Mathematics and Statistics studentship,
student fees and maintenance for 3 years, plus £6,549 field
work costs and consumables.
White, P.C.L., 2003. Health of wild deer in Scotland, Deer
Commission for Scotland, £4,700.
Top of page
Books
Harris, S. &
White, P.C.L. (in press, expected 2006) Epidemiological models. In:
Rabies in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin (eds. A. King, M. Aubert
& A. Wandeler). CAB International.
Raffaelli, D.G.,
White, P.C.L., Renwick, A.R., Smart, J.C.. & Perrings, C.A. (in
press, expected 2005) The health of ecosystems: the Ythan estuary case
study. In: Handbook of Indicators for Assessment of Ecosystem Health
(eds. S. E. Jørgensen, R. Constanza & F.-L. Xu), CRC Press, Boca Raton.
French, N.P. & White, P.C.L. 2004. The use of GIS in modelling the
spatial and temporal spread of animal diseases. In: GIS and Spatial Analysis
in Veterinary Science (eds. P. Durr & T. Gatrell), pp. 177-203. CAB
International, Oxford.
Harris, S. & White, P.C.L. (2003) TB
in cattle in Britain: can badger culling ever solve the problem? In:
Conservation and Conflict: Mammals and Farming in Britain (eds. F.
Tattersall & W. Manley), pp. 152-164. Linnean Society Occasional Publications
4, Westbury Publishing, Otley.
White, P.C.L. & Harris, S. (2002)
Economic and environmental costs of alien vertebrate species in Britain. In:
Biological Invasions - Economic and Environmental Costs of Alien Plant, Animal,
and Microbe Species (ed. D. Pimentel), pp. 113-149. CRC Press, Boca Raton,
Florida.
White, P.C.L. & Newton-Cross, G.
(2000) An introduced disease in an invasive host: the ecology and economics of
rabbit calicivirus disease in rabbits in Australia. In: The Economics of
Biological Invasions (eds. C. Perrings, M. Williamson & S. Dalmazzone), pp.
117-137. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
Cox, M., White, P.C.L. & Barbier, E.B.
(1999) Ecological economics of bovine tuberculosis in badgers and cattle. In:
Advances in Vertebrate Pest Management (eds. D.P. Cowan and C.J. Feare),
pp. 131-145. Filander Verlag, Fürth, Germany.
Ward, A.I., White, P.C.L. & Critchley,
C.H. (1999) Incidence and intensity of damage by roe deer to commercially
planted trees and associated influences in the north of England. In:
Entretiens de Chizé en Ecologie. Herbivore feeding strategies, population
processes and impact on biodiversity (eds. P. Duncan & T. Micol). Centre
d’Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, Bordeaux, France.
White, P.C.L. (1998) Ecology,
economics and biodiversity conservation. In: The Co-Action between Living
Systems and the Planet (eds. H. Greppin, R. Degli Agosti & C. Penel), pp.
201-222. University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Bolker, B., Altmann, M., Aubert, M., Ball,
F., Barlow, N., Bowers, R., Dobson, A., Elkington, J., Garnett, G., Gilligan,
C., Hassell, M., Isham, V., Jacquez, J., Kleczkowski, A., Levin, S., May, R.,
Metz, J., Mollison, D., Morris, M., Real, L., Sattenspiel, L., Swinton, J.,
White, P. & Williams, B. (1995) Group report: spatial dynamics of
infectious diseases in natural populations. Grenfell, B.T. & Dobson, A.P.,
eds. Ecology of infectious diseases in natural populations, pp.399-420.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
White, P.C.L. & Harris, S. (1995)
Dealing with an outbreak of rabies in Britain. Morgan, D.R., ed. The BMA
Guide to Rabies, pp.55-73. Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press.
Wray, S., Cresswell, W., White, P.C.L.
& Harris, S. (1992) What, if anything, is a core area? An analysis of the
problems of describing internal range configurations. Priede, I.G. & Swift, S.M.,
eds. Wildlife Telemetry: Remote Monitoring and Tracking of Animals,
pp.256-271. Chichester: Ellis Horwood.
Harris, S. & White, P. (1994) The
red fox. London: The Mammal Society.
Papers in the last 4 years (papers in refereed
journals)
Smart, J.C.R., White, P.C.L. & Termansen, M. (in press)
Modelling conflicting objectives in the management of a
mobile ecological resource: red deer in the Scottish
Highlands. Ecological Economics.
Dyson, K.E., Bulling, M., Solan, M., Raffaelli, D., White, P.C.L.
& Paterson, D.M. (in press). Influence of heterogeneity of
ecosystem function in experimental systems. Proceedings
of the Royal Society of London B.
Baker, P.J., Dowding, C.V., Molony, S.E., White, P.C.L.
& Harris, S. (in press) Activity patterns of urban red foxes
(Vulpes vulpes) reduce the risk of traffic-induced
mortality. Behavioral Ecology.
Böhm, M., White, P.C.L., Hunter, J., Smith, L. &
Hutchings, M.R. (in press) Wild deer as a source of
infection for livestock and humans in the UK. The
Veterinary Journal.
Palphramand, K.L. & White, P.C.L. (2007) Badgers, Meles meles,
discriminate between neighbour, alien and self scent.
Animal Behaviour, 74, 429-436.
Renwick, A.R.,
White, P.C.L.
& Bengis, R.G. (2007) Bovine tuberculosis in southern
African wildlife: a multi-species host-pathogen system.
Epidemiology and Infection, 135, 529-540.
Newton-Cross, G.,
White, P.C.L.
& Harris, S. (2007) Modelling the distribution of badgers
Meles meles: comparing predictions from field-based and
remotely derived habitat data. Mammal Review, 37,
54-70.
Judge, J., Davidson, R.,
Marion, G., White,
P.C.L. & Hutchings,
M.R. (2007) Are rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus a true
wildlife reservoir for paratuberculosis? Journal of
Applied Ecology, 44, 302-311.
Palphramand, K.L.,
Newton-Cross, G. &
White, P.C.L.
(2007) Spatial organization and behavior of badgers (Meles
meles) in a moderate-density population. Behavioral
Ecology and Sociobiology, 61, 401-413.
White, P.C.L. & King, C.M. (2006) Predation on native birds in
New Zealand beech forests: the role of functional
relationships between Stoats Mustela erminea and
rodents. Ibis, 148, 765-771.
Huby, M., Cinderby, S.,
Crowe, A.M., Gillings, S., McClean, C.J., Moran, D., Owen,
A. & White, P.C.L.
(2006) The association of natural, social and economic
factors with bird species richness in rural England.
Journal of Agricultural Economics, 57, 295-312.
Smith, L.A., White, P.C.L. & Hutchings, M.R. (2006) Effect of
the nutritional environment and reproductive investment on
herbivore-parasite interactions in grazing environments.
Behavioral Ecology, 17, 591-596.
Solan, M., Raffaelli, D.G., Paterson, D.M.,
White, P.C.L. & Pierce, G.J. (2006) Theme Section.
Marine biodiversity and ecosystem function: empirical
approaches and future research needs. Introduction.
Marine Ecology Progress Series 311, 175-178.
Bulling, M.T., White, P.C.L., Raffaelli, D.G. & Pierce, G.J.
(2006) Using model systems to address the
biodiversity-ecosystem functioning process. Marine
Ecology Progress Series 311, 295-309.
Böhm, M., White, P.C.L., Daniels, M.J., Allcroft, D., Munro, R.
& Hutchings, M.R. (2006) The health of wild red and sika
deer in Scotland: an analysis of key endoparasites and
recommendations for monitoring disease. Veterinary
Journal, 171, 287-294.
Ji, W., White, P.C.L. & Clout, M. (2005) Contact rates between
possums revealed by proximity data loggers. Journal of
Applied Ecology, 42, 595-604.
White, P.C.L., Vaughan Jennings, N., Renwick, A.R. & Barker,
N.H.L. (2005) Questionnaires in ecology: a review of past
use and recommendations for best practice. Journal of
Applied Ecology, 42, 421-430.
Raffaelli, D.G., White, P.C.L., Renwick, A.R., Smart, J.C.. &
Perrings, C.A. (2005) The health of ecosystems: the Ythan
estuary case study. In: Handbook of Indicators for
Assessment of Ecosystem Health (eds. S. E. Jørgensen, R.
Constanza & F.-L. Xu), pp. 379-393. Taylor & Francis, CRC
Press, Boca Raton.
Ji, W., Sarre, S.D., White, P.C.L. & Clout, M.N. (2004)
Population recovery of common brushtail possums after local
depopulation. Wildlife Research, 31, 543-550.
Pocock, M.J.O., Frantz, A., Cowan, D.P., White, P.C.L. & Searle,
J.B. (2004) Tapering bias inherent in Minimum Number Alive
(MNA) population estimates. Journal of Mammalogy,
85, 959-962.
King, C.M. & White, P.C.L. (2004) Decline in capture rate of
stoats at high mouse densities in New Zealand Nothofagus
forests. New Zealand Journal of Ecology, 28,
251-258.
Pocock, M.J.O., Searle, J.B. & White, P.C.L. (2004) Adaptations
of animals to commensal habitats: population dynamics of
house mice (Mus musculus) on farms. Journal of
Animal Ecology, 73, 878-888.
Seymour, A.S., Harris, S. & White, P.C.L. (2004) Potential
effects of reserve size on incidental nest predation by red
foxes Vulpes vulpes. Ecological Modelling,
175, 101-114.
White, P.C.L. & Benhin, J.K.A. (2004) Factors influencing the
occurrence and scale of TB in cattle in southwest England.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 63, 1-7.
Ward, A.I., White, P.C.L., Smith, A. & Critchley, C.H. (2004)
Modelling the cost of roe deer browsing damage to forestry.
Forest Ecology and Management, 191, 301-310.
Baker, P.J., Harris, S., Robertson, C.P.J., Saunders, G.R. & White,
P.C.L. (2004) Is it possible to monitor mammal
population changes from counts of road traffic casualties?
An analysis using Bristol's red foxes Vulpes vulpes
as an example. Mammal Review. 34, 115-130.
Smart, J.C.R., Ward, A.I. & White, P.C.L. (2004) Monitoring
woodland deer populations in the UK: an imprecise science.
Mammal Review, 34, 99-114.
Moberly, R.L., White, P.C.L., Webbon, C.C., Baker, P.J. &
Harris, S. (2004) Modelling the costs of fox predation and
preventive measures on sheep farms in Britain. Journal
of Environmental Management, 70, 129-143.
Moberly, R.L., White, P.C.L., Webbon, C., Baker, P.J. & Harris,
S. (2003) Factors associated with fox (Vulpes vulpes)
predation of lambs in Britain. Wildlife Research,
30, 219-227.
Seymour, A.S., Harris, S., Ralston, C. & White, P.C.L. (2003)
Factors affecting the nesting success of lapwings
Vanellus vanellus and behaviour of red fox Vulpes
vulpes in lapwing nesting sites. Bird Study, 50,
39-46.
King, C.M., White, P.C.L., Purdey, D.C. & Lawrence, B. (2003)
Matching productivity to resource availability in stoats,
Mustela erminea. Canadian Journal of Zoology,
81, 662-669.
White, P.C.L., Newton-Cross, G., Gray, M., Ashford, R., White,
C. & Saunders, G. (2003) Spatial interactions and habitat
use of rabbits on pasture and implications for the spread of
rabbit haemorrhagic disease in New South Wales. Wildlife
Research, 30, 49-58.
White, P.C.L., McClean, C.J. & Woodroffe, G.L. (2003) Factors
affecting the success of an otter (Lutra lutra)
reinforcement, as identified by post-translocation
monitoring. Biological Conservation, 112, 363-371.
Vaughan, N., Lucas, E-A., Harris, S. & White, P.C.L. (2003)
Habitat associations of European hares Lepus europaeus
on farmland in England and Wales: implications for land
management. Journal of Applied Ecology, 40, 163-175.
White, P.C.L., Newton-Cross, G., Moberly, R.L., Smart, J.C.R.,
Baker, P.J. & Harris, S. (2003) The current and future
management of wild mammals hunted with dogs in England and
Wales. Journal of Environmental Management, 67,
187-197.
Conference abstracts/proceedings
Baker, P., Funk, S.,
Harris, S., Newman, T., Saunders, G. & White, P.C.L. 2004. The impact of
human attitudes on the social and spatial organisation of urban foxes (Vulpes
vulpes) before and after an outbreak of sarcoptic mange. In: Urban
Wildlife Conservation. Proceedings of the 4th International
Symposium on Urban Wildlife Conservation (eds. Shaw, W.W., Harris, L.K. &
VanDruff, L.), pp. 153-163.
King, C.M. & White, P.C.L.(2003)
Decline in capture rate of stoats at very high mouse densities in New Zealand
Nothofagus forests. Third International Wildlife Management Congress.
Christchurch, New Zealand, December 2003.
King, C.M., White, P.C.L., Purdey,
D.C. & Lawrence, B. (2003) How do stoats match productivity to resources in a
variable environment? Third International Wildlife Management Congress.
Christchurch, New Zealand, December 2003.
White, P.C.L., Bulling, M.T.,
Garland, L. & Harris, S. (2003) Bovine tuberculosis in Britain: integrating
spatial modelling, GIS and economic approaches in the sustainable management of
the disease. Third International Wildlife Management Congress.
Christchurch, New Zealand, December 2003.
White, P.C.L., Baker, P.J., Smart,
J.C.R., Harris, S. & Saunders, G. (2003) Control of foxes in urban areas:
modelling the benefits and costs. Symposium on Urban Wildlife, Third
International Wildlife Management Congress. Christchurch, New Zealand,
December 2003.
Smart, J.C.R., White, P.C.L., Böhm,
M., Ward, A.I. & Langbein, J. (2003) A method for estimating deer distribution
and abundance from landscape characteristics and road traffic casualties.
Mammal Society Symposium on Mammals and Roads. London, November 2000
White, P.C.L. & Smart, J.C.R.
Economic impacts of wild deer in the East of England. Institute of Chartered
Foresters regional Autumn seminar, Sandringham, November 2003.
Newton-Cross, G.A. & White, P.C.L.
Spatial interactions between badgers (Meles meles) in an upland population.
British Ecological Society Annual Winter Meeting. York, December 2002.
White, P.C.L. Badgers and bovine
tuberculosis: a proactive strategy for the control of the disease. DEFRA TB
Research Programme Review workshop. London, November 2002.
Dennis, N., Finney, J., White, P.C.L.
& Cowan, D.P. Developing a method for blocking rabbit burrows. The Mammal
Society Annual Conference. Swansea, April 2002.
Moberly, R., White, P., Webbon, C.,
Baker, P. & Harris, S. The costs of red foxes to agricultural interests in
Britain. Canid Biology and Conservation Conference, Oxford University,
September 2001.
Kirby, D., White, P.C.L. & Ruiz, R.
Modelling of wolf-livestock interactions in Spain: proposed methodology for
development of policy guidelines. Canid Biology and Conservation Conference,
Oxford University, September 2001.
White, P.C.L, Bulling, M., Halls, P.J.,
Garland, L. & Harris, S. Modelling TB and TB control in badgers: a landscape
approach. MAFF TB Modelling Workshop, London, June 2001.
White, P.C.L. The economic impact of
badgers on farming. Mammal Society (Devon Mammal Group) Symposium on Mammals
and Farming. Exeter, May 2001.
Newton-Cross, G., White, P.C.L.,
Gray, M., Ashford, R., White, C. & Saunders, G. Spatial interactions and
habitat use of rabbits on pasture in New South Wales, Australia. The Mammal
Society Annual Conference. Ripon, April 2001.
White, P.C.L., Bulling, M., Halls,
P.J., Garland, L. & Harris, S. Modelling TB in badgers: a GIS approach. MAFF
Bovine Tuberculosis Research Workshop, London, November 2000.
Barlow, N.D., White, P.C.L. &
Bulling, M. Culling mammals to control disease. Mammal Society/IFAW Symposium
on the Culling of Mammals. London, November 2000.
White, P.C.L. & Smart, J.C.R.
Culling mammals: is it worth it? Mammal Society/IFAW Symposium on the
Culling of Mammals. London, November 2000.
Ward, A.I., White, P.C.L. & Critchley,
C.R. The cost of roe deer in forestry: a production function approach.
Ungulate Research Group 2000. Ford Castle, Northumberland, June 2000.
Pocock, M., White, P., McClean, C. &
Searle, J. Application of GIS in the analysis of house mouse
capture-mark-recapture studies. GIS Research UK 2000. York, April
2000.
Bulling, M., White, P.C.L., Halls,
P., Garland, L. & Harris, S. A GIS approach to modelling disease: TB in
badgers. GIS Research UK 2000. York, April 2000.
Moberly, R.L., White, P.C.L.,
Burgess, J.C. & Harris, S. The economic costs of foxes to agriculture: results
from questionnaire surveys. The Mammal Society Annual Conference.
Newcastle, April 2000.
Ward, A.I., White, P.C.L. & Critchley,
C. An integrated approach to roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) management
in forestry. The Mammal Society Annual Conference. Newcastle, April
2000.
Ward, A.I., White, P.C.L. & Critchley,
C.R. The cost of roe deer in forestry: a production function approach.
Ungulate Research Group 2000. Ford Castle, Northumberland, June 2000.
Pocock, M., White, P., McClean, C. &
Searle, J. Application of GIS in the analysis of house mouse
capture-mark-recapture studies. GIS Research UK 2000. York, April
2000.
Bulling, M., White, P.C.L., Halls,
P., Garland, L. & Harris, S. A GIS approach to modelling disease: TB in
badgers. GIS Research UK 2000. York, April 2000.
Moberly, R.L., White, P.C.L.,
Burgess, J.C. & Harris, S. The economic costs of foxes to agriculture: results
from questionnaire surveys. The Mammal Society Annual Conference.
Newcastle, April 2000.
Ward, A.I., White, P.C.L. & Critchley,
C. An integrated approach to roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) management
in forestry. The Mammal Society Annual Conference. Newcastle, April
2000.
Pocock, M.J.O., Searle, J.B. & White,
P.C.L. The movements of house mice (Mus musculus) on adjacent
British farms. British Ecological Society Winter Meeting. Leeds,
December 1999.
Harris, S. & White, P.C.L. TB in
cattle: can badger culling ever solve the problem? Mammal Society Symposium
on Farming and Mammals. London, November 1999.
Baker, P., Funk, S., Harris, S., Newman, T.,
Saunders, G. & White, P. The impact of human attitudes on the social and
spatial organisation of urban foxes (Vulpes vulpes) before and after an
outbreak of sarcoptic mange. Fourth International Conference on Urban
Ecology. Tucson, June 1999.
Cox, M., Barbier, E.B. & White, P.C.L.
Using contingent ratings data in a WTP study of rabies prevention policies in
the UK. Ninth Annual Conference of the European Association of Environmental
and Resource Economists. Oslo, June 1999.
Lewis, A.J.G., Searle, J.B. & White,
P.C.L. Movement behaviour of common shrews, Sorex araneus, in
heterogenous landscapes. Third European Congress of Mammalogy. Jyvaskyla,
Finland, June 1999.
Hutchings, M.R. & White, P.C.L.
Mustelid scent-marking behaviour: the impact of habitat and population
management. Third European Congress of Mammalogy. Jyvaskyla, Finland,
June 1999.
Lewis, A.J.G., Searle, J.B. & White,
P.C.L. The response of the common shrew, Sorex araneus, to a
heterogenous landscape. British Ecological Society Winter Meeting.
Leicester, December 1998.
White, P.C.L., Clarke, G.P. & Harris,
S. Roads: a cause of fragmentation of badger populations? More About
Mammals, Regional Symposium of the Mammal Society. York, October 1998.
White, P.C.L. GIS and
cost-effectiveness of TB interventions. New Approaches to Veterinary
Epidemiology, Mathematics in Medicine Initiative. Warwick, July 1998.
Ward, A.I., Petterson, D.A., White, P.C.L.
& Critchley, C.H. Factors affecting the fecundity of roe deer in commercial
forests. First European Vertebrate Pest Conference. York, September
1997.
Pocock, M.J.O., Searle, J.B. & White,
P.C.L. Agricultural wildlife and disease transmission. Ninth Biennial
Graduate Workshop: Ecological Experiments, Theory and Practice. Culterty,
Aberdeen, October 1997.
Cox, M., White, P.C.L. & Barbier, E.B.
Ecological economics of bovine tuberculosis in badgers and cattle. First
European Vertebrate Pest Conference. York, September 1997.
White, P.C.L. Ecology, economics and
biodiversity conservation. Third Cycle Meeting for Studies in Biology.
Geneva, September 1997.
White, P.C.L. Fertility control of
badger populations as a means of reducing badger damage to growing crops.
International Crop Protection Conference, British Crop Protection Council.
Brighton, November 1996.
White, P.C.L. & Lovett, J.
Ecological constraints, ecological economics and land use. Environmental
Economics Forum. Ambleside, August 1996.
White, P.C.L. & Harris, S. The use
of computer modelling to evaluate badger control strategies. MAFF/NFU
Special Seminar on Cattle, Badgers and TB. London, November 1995.
White, P.C.L. Modelling TB in badger
populations. National Federation of Badger Groups Annual Conference.
Bangor, September 1994.
White, P.C.L. The influence of
badger behaviour on bovine tuberculosis transmission. MAFF Veterinary
Officer’s Annual Conference. Poole, November 1993
White, P.C.L. Badger scent marking
behaviour and the transmission of TB to cattle. The Mammal Society Annual
Conference. Ripon, April 1993.
White, P.C.L. Contact rates, spatial
heterogeneity and modelling of rabies and TB. Epidemiology of Infectious
Diseases in Natural Populations, Symposium of the Isaac Newton Institute of
Mathematical Sciences. Cambridge, March 1993.
White, P.C.L. & Harris, S. Modelling
rabies in urban foxes. AFRC/SERC Workshop on Mathematical Modelling of
Disease Epidemiology. Warwick, July 1992.
Saunders, G., White, P.C.L. & Harris,
S. Urban foxes: food acquisition, time and energy budgeting of a generalised
predator. Mammals as Predators, Special Symposium of The Mammal Society.
London, November 1991.
Wray, S., Cresswell, W., White, P.C.L.
& Harris, S. What, if anything, is a core area? Fourth European
International Conference on Wildlife Telemetry. Aberdeen, November 1991.
White, P.C.L. Ranging behaviour of
urban foxes in relation to disease spread. The Mammal Society Annual
Conference. Durham, April 1990.
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